Human Excreta for Plant Production

Updated - Monday 22 November 2004

Year of publication: 2004

This publication by C. van Wijk (IRC) and H. Heinonen-Tanski (University of Kuopio, Finland) presents the potential of the use of pure urine as fertilizer in domestic agriculture activities. The biochemical processes and benefits (including increased protection of the environment and financial savings by private households) of separating urine and faeces through use of dry toilets are discussed as well as potential applications

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HeinonenWijk_Human_Excreta_.pdf (288.0 kB)