Handbook on toilet options for households in Bhutan
This handbook has attempted to gather together in one place all the information needed for deciding on the most suitable toilet technology for the various rural household settings found in Bhutan. It provides technical details along with graphic illustrations of the different types of toilet.
Introduction to Handbook on toilets in Bhutan
12 Jan 12
The introduction sets out the sanitation situation in Bhutan which is good, but the incidence of illness due to water and sanitation-related diseases is still high. It gives suggestions on how to improve the sanitation and health situation in the country. Also an instruction is given on how to use the handbook.
Intro_ Handbook_Sanitation_Bhutan_1.pdf (1,013.6 kB)
Direct pit toilets in Handbook on toilets in Bhutan
12 Jan 12
This chapter deals with ventilated single pit latrines and ventilated double pit latrines. It describes the applicability, construction, location, proper use, hygiene and gives drawings of the latrines.
Direct_pit_toilets_from Handbook_Sanitation_Bhutan-3.pdf (1,005.6 kB)
Water-flushed toilets in Handbook on toilets in Bhutan
12 Jan 12
This chapter discusses the applicability, construction, location, proper use and hygiene and gives drawings of pour-flush toilets with or without water-seal, with bathroom combined and improved long-drop toilets.
Water_flushed_toilets_from_ Handbook_Sanitation_Bhutan-4.pdf (2.0 MB)
EcoSan toilets in Handbook on toilets in Bhutan
12 Jan 12
In this chapter the applicability, construction, location, proper use and hygiene of double vault compost toilet with urine diversion are discussed. Drawings of this toilet are included as well.
EcoSan_toilets_from_Handbook_Sanitation_Bhutan-5.pdf (815.6 kB)
Additional technical details in the Handbook on toilets in Bhutan
12 Jan 12
Further technical drawings of flooring, pipes, pits and covers can be found in this chapter.
Add_tech_details_from_Handbook_Sanitation_Bhutan-6.pdf (1.4 MB)
Disability considerations in the Handbook on toilets in Bhutan
12 Jan 12
This section on disability considerations is added here keeping in mind the importance of social inclusion and humanitarian approach to any sanitation related programme. However, the technical details of disability considerations are beyond the scope of this handbook and are not included.
Disability_toilet_from_ Handbook_Sanitation_Bhutan-7.pdf (906.5 kB)
Annex to Handbook on toilets in Bhutan
12 Jan 12
This section contains sources of useful information and references to other publications.
