Programme, presentations and papers
Programme, presentations and papers -abstracts as well as full papers- presented at the IRC symposium ‘Sanitation for the Urban Poor: Partnerships and Governance’, 19 – 21 November 2008, Delft, the Netherlands.
Developing city sanitation strategies in Indonesia
Author: J.S. Colin et. al. The Government of Indonesia has long regarded sanitation as a private matter, and public investments in sanitation infrastructure and services have been negligible. Barely 1% of the population has access to sewerage and while most households have a toilet, many of these discharge into open drains, canals, rivers and ponds.
Sanitation in developing countries: integrated solutions, including the financial options
Author: Meine Pieter van Dijk. Small-scale independent providers (SSIPs) and households are good for 10 to 69% of the household water supply and sometimes up to 95% of the sanitation solutions in cities in developing countries.
Financing sanitation in sub-Saharan cities: a local challenge
Author: J. Toubkiss. Due to very low coverage rates, sanitation is one of the key issues at stake in Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in overcrowded areas such as peri-urban areas and slums. Among the range of technical, institutional and social issues that need to be addressed, financing is a key concern. The financing of sanitation should be considered not merely in terms of development assistance, but in terms of how to build sustainable local financing mechanisms.
Giving wings to the elephant: Facilitating governance for urban sanitation in India
Author: A.J. James. Access to reliable and sustainable sanitation services for solid and liquid waste disposal for 10 million poor Indians living in 50,000 urban slums and 640 towns in India, remains a problem. This is despite the International Year of Sanitation, liberal government funding through the Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM), promising community initiatives driven by NGOs such as SPAARC in Mumbai and Pune and WaterAid in Tiruchirapalli, as well as the Sulabh International private sector model. This paper uses instances of successful scaling up from demonstration pilots in sanitation and other sectors to suggest some of the changes required.
Approaches towards assessing sanitation rights in Bolivia
Author: Ingo Gentes. Bolivia’s actual policy structure seeks to ensure a broad consensus on better water governance relying on a participatory democracy approach and the commitment on indicators for sustainable development. The newly implemented Water Ministry (2006) has radically changed the regulation model and administration system for urban and rural water and sanitation services, seeking to enhance the role of social participation.
Local governance for basic urban services: Country case from Burkina Faso
Authors: B. Blankwaardt et.al. The objective of this paper is to focus on a summary of IRC’s activities within the framework of the Basic Urban Services (BUS) Initiative, carried out over a five-year period (2003-2007) through an Agreement of Cooperation with UNCHS (UN-Habitat) with a specific emphasis on the work undertaken in Burkina Faso. In this paper, emphasis has been put on the demonstration project in Burkina Faso because of its importance for obtaining direct and tangible results.
Citizens’ participation in improving sanitation services in urban India
Authors: A. Shrdha Kumar, B. Yogesh Kumar. In rapidly urbanizing India, almost one-fourth of the population is living in cities. Participation of citizens in the decision-making process is extremely important and necessary. This paper is based on using citizen report cards to assess performance of the water and environmental sanitation services in Bhopal municipal corporation and six small towns of Madhya Pradesh state in India.
Political and social dynamics in upgrading urban sanitation, Colombo, Sri Lanka
Author: Jo Smet. The Basic Urban Services project in Colombo (Sri Lanka) aimed to improve low-income urban sanitation through multi-stakeholder involvement at local, municipal and agency level. The project covered Kotte Municipal Council and Wattala Urban Council areas.
Sustainable financing options to sanitation for the urban poor in Nairobi, Kenya
Authors: E.K. Kamundi & C.K.M. Nekesa. More than a third of Africa’s population lack access to basic sanitation. In Kenya over 15 million people (46%), lack basic sanitation. The government and other actors need to construct over 234,000 toilets per year for the next 10 years to cover the deficit for halving the proportion of people without access to improved sanitation. Past efforts have focused on communal services managed by community groups Usage by the urban poor however remains low.
Partnerships for sanitation for the urban poor in Uganda
Author: A.M. Mbaguta. This paper discusses sanitation for the urban poor, partnerships and governance in Uganda. It 2 major objectives: To discuss how public private partnership (PPP) is helping improve sanitation among the urban poor, and to make recommendations for future improvement.
