Implementing the Bellagio principles in urban environmental sanitation services

Year of publication: 2005

The International Drinking Water and Sanitation Decade, for all its achievements, made limited impact on improving water supply and sanitation services for the urban poor. Improvements in urban sanitation services were often neglected in favour of water supply provision. A key lesson from the Decade is the need to respond to consumer demand to achieve sustainable and effective change. In an effort to address the neglect of sanitation, and improve guidance on such a ‘demand-responsive approach’ to those planning and implementing sanitation programmes, the Water Supply and Sanitation Collaborative Council (WSSCC) created an Environmental Sanitation Working Group (ESWG) which address environmental sanitation services called the Household-Centred Environmental Sanitation (HCES) approach. This approach was subsequently adopted and synthesized into the Bellagio Principles by a representative expert working group.

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